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Thanks to the efforts of Louis Pasteur (1822 – 1895), the fear of rabies no longer needs to paralyze people. Building on the work of a colleague, Pasteur created a vaccine that effectively combats the fatal disease. According to the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), animal bites are the most common method of transmitting rabies. However, the possible rabies exposure is a secondary concern in the treatment of a bite. The first step is to provide first aid.
General Information About Rabies
Where did the exposure take place? In any country where rabies vaccinations for animals is widespread, information about the animal is required to make a decision. Rabies in many developing countries is rampant and PEP is mandatory.What type of exposure resulted? Rabies exposure is usually transmitted through a bite. When deciding on the necessity of PEP, severity and location of the wound or wounds is not as important as other factors. Any likely contamination by the rabies virus is usually sufficient cause to begin PEP.Pertinent information – species, behavior, vaccination, health, current location – about the animal. If the dog is wild or runs loose, is not known to have been vaccinated, attacked unprovoked, appears ill or is unable to be found, PEP is usually required. Any incident involving food is considered to be provoked. Animals who have been given the rabies vaccine are unlikely to have acquired rabies.
The answers to several questions will determine what happens next:
The rabies virus cannot live very long outside of a body. Environmental conditions determine how long the virus is dangerous, but generally speaking, if virus-infected material is dry, it is not considered to be a threat.
The possibility of having been exposed to rabies is considered a medical urgency, not an emergency. That means the course of action regarding treatment needs to be decided quickly, but ambulance lights-and-siren rides are not necessary.
Read on
What Treatment is Neccesary if Rabies is Contracted
Canine and Feline Rabies
Rabies Vaccine, Pasteur, Roux and Hydrophobia
Dog Bites – After First Aid, What Happens Next?
bite – defined as when skin is penetrated by the teeth. A bite can occur without any noticeable bleeding. Skin has two layers [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis can be penetrated and little or no bleeding will occur. However, all bites have the potential to be at risk, even when the wound appears superficial.non-bite – Scratches are the most common non-bite wound but transmission of rabies can occur through contamination of a previously injured break in the skin or through the mucous membranes.
Qualified medical personnel should evaluate any possibility of exposure. There are two types of exposure:
The Rabies virus resides in body tissue and excretions except urine, feces and blood. The spread of rabies most commonly occurs when the saliva of an infected animal enters the bloodstream of another animal via a bite, an open wound or through the mucous membranes of the eyes or mouth.
Once PEP has been started [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], it should not be discontinued for localized or minor d
Regardless of the size or severity of a bite [link widoczny dla zalogowanych], even if it does not appear to have broken the surface of the skin, the area should be washed with soap as soon as possible. Animal studies have shown that immediate and thorough cleansing of a bite wound dramatically reduces the likelihood of rabies. After washing the wound, a health care professional should examine the bite.
Rabies shots given after an animal bite are called post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).

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